Flat lamination bonds decorative surfaces (HPL, CPL, veneer, films) to panels such as particleboard, MDF or plywood. The process type directly determines the adhesive choice.
Process types
Cold press: works at room temperature with long press times. PVAc dispersions give economical, reliable results; ideal for small and medium production.
Hot press: 60–100 °C platens cut press times to minutes. Fast-setting PVAc grades are preferred.
Roller lamination: used on continuous lines for films and thin overlays. PUR hot melts give a thin, water-resistant, invisible glue line.
Adhesive choice
| Surface | Environment | Recommended |
|---|---|---|
| HPL / CPL | Dry interior | PVAc D2 |
| HPL | Kitchens, bathrooms | PVAc D3/D4 or PUR |
| Wood veneer | Furniture | Fast-setting PVAc |
| PVC / PP film | Roller line | PUR hot melt |
Critical parameters
- Coat weight: usually 100–150 g/m² for HPL. Too much bleeds through; too little starves the joint.
- Panel moisture: 8–10% is ideal; more delays drying and causes waviness.
- Press pressure: must be even across the whole surface.
- Conditioning: let panels condition after pressing before cutting and edging.
Balancing layer
If only one face is laminated, moisture changes cause bowing. Use a balancing paper or counter-veneer on the back.
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